Examines general concepts in organic and inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, as well as thinking processes associated with the practice of science. The course emphasizes a broad understanding of chemical events in living systems in terms of metabolism and structure-function relationships of biologically important molecules. Topics include periodic tables and atomic structures, molecular structure and bonding, chemical reactions, thermodynamics, moles/molecular weight, acid/base PH, ionic balance, gasses and gas laws, solutions/solubility, and quantum dynamics.

Introduces principles of human biology with a focus on cellular systems, metabolism, body structure and function, genetics and evolution, and basic concepts in botany.

This course explores the basic principles of physics (thermodynamics, electricity, magnetism, and light) and applies them to the functions of the human body and the modern world. The course explores how specific concepts of physics can be used to explain aspects of anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and pharmacology. The course also examines the areas where theories of physics overlap with the philosophies of East Asian Medicine.

Develops an integrated picture of human anatomy and physiology, including the integumentary system, membranes, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, the special senses, endocrine system, circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, and the reproductive system. Also introduces the anatomical landmarks of bones and muscles in order to facilitate the learning of acupuncture points. *BS 121 and 122 may be taken in any sequence.

Develops an integrated picture of human anatomy and physiology, including the integumentary system, membranes, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, the special senses, endocrine system, circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, and the reproductive system. Also introduces the anatomical landmarks of bones and muscles in order to facilitate the learning of acupuncture points. *BS 121 and 122 may be taken in any sequence.

Presents pathologic mechanisms of disease and the adverse effects of disease on specific tissues and organ systems on a gross and microscopic level. Teaches fundamental terminology, concepts, and mechanisms such as cell injury and adaptation, inflammation, genetic disease, neoplasia and immunity, as well as specific organ-based diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine, liver, gall bladder, and pancreatic systems. BS 141, 142, and 143 may be taken in any sequence.

Presents pathologic mechanisms of disease and the adverse effects of disease on specific tissues and organ systems on a gross and microscopic level. Teaches fundamental terminology, concepts, and mechanisms such as cell injury and adaptation, inflammation, genetic disease, neoplasia and immunity, as well as specific organ-based diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine, liver, gall bladder, and pancreatic systems. BS 141, 142, and 143 may be taken in any sequence.

Presents pathologic mechanisms of disease and the adverse effects of disease on specific tissues and organ systems on a gross and microscopic level. Teaches fundamental terminology, concepts, and mechanisms such as cell injury and adaptation, inflammation, genetic disease, neoplasia and immunity, as well as specific organ-based diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine, liver, gall bladder, and pancreatic systems. BS 141, 142, and 143 may be taken in any sequence.